Blown-in insulation effectively manages a home and HVAC temperature by using loose-fill material. It enhances the R-value, which measures insulation performance, providing superior thermal resistance compared to other forms. This method surpasses traditional batts by filling gaps more completely, making it a more efficient option for maintaining consistent indoor climates.
Often referred to as loose-fill insulation, it resembles cotton candy and is an installer’s favorite. It’s blown into attic spaces and wall cavities with a special machine, making it ideal for existing structures. Opting for blown-in insulation is a top choice for upgrading insulation without major disruptions, ensuring a cleaner and quicker installation process compared to other methods.
What Is a Blow-In Insulation Machine?
An insulation blower is a specialized machine designed to install insulation efficiently. It features a hopper for holding the insulation, an engine to power the system, a blower to propel the material, and a hose to direct it into precise locations. This equipment is essential for ensuring that insulation fills every nook and cranny effectively.
This tool is crucial for applying blown-in insulation in homes and buildings. The blower’s design allows for quick and uniform distribution of insulation, making it an invaluable asset for construction and retrofit projects. Its ability to deliver insulation seamlessly into hard-to-reach areas enhances a building’s energy efficiency.
Materials for Blow-In Insulation
Blown-in insulation utilizes loose materials with a high R-value to effectively insulate spaces. It fills stud or joist cavities and covers attic floors, enhancing thermal resistance. The industry measures insulation effectiveness through the R-value; higher values indicate better insulating properties.
Various materials are suitable for blown-in insulation, each offering unique benefits:
- Cellulose fibers: Made from recycled newspaper or cardboard.
- Loose fiberglass fibers: Known for their durability and fire resistance.
- Styrofoam pellets: Lightweight and effective at reducing heat transfer.
- Natural wool: Provides excellent thermal and acoustic insulation.
- Cotton or denim: Eco-friendly options that are safe and effective.
- Rock or mineral wool: High heat tolerance and fire resistance.
- Spray foam (icynene): Expands to fill gaps, sealing air leaks.
- Aerogel: Extremely effective though more expensive insulation.
- Cork granules: Natural and sustainable with good insulating properties.
Cellulose
Cellulose is the predominant material used in blow-in insulation applications, favored for its environmental benefits. It is treated with boric acid and other chemicals to enhance its flame-resistant and mold-resistant properties, ensuring a safer home environment. For ease of use, it is sold in densely packed bales or bags, making it convenient to transport and store.
The installation of blow-in cellulose requires specific machinery to ensure effectiveness. A mechanical blower or hopper uses paddles to break up and aerate the cellulose before propelling it through hoses into the areas requiring insulation. This process ensures an even and effective distribution, filling gaps and crevices that other insulation types might miss.
While the necessary machines are costly, rental options are available to make this insulation method accessible. Home improvement centers often offer these machines for free with large insulation purchases, providing a cost-effective solution for DIY enthusiasts. However, many homeowners prefer to hire a contractor who specializes in this type of installation to ensure it is done correctly and efficiently.
Fiberglass
Fiberglass and cellulose insulation materials boast similar R-values, though their performance varies under extreme temperatures. Both options are priced equally for blown-in applications, typically costing between $1 and $1.50 per square foot. This similarity in cost makes them accessible choices for many homeowners.
Blown-in fiberglass tends to settle and compress over time, which can diminish its insulating effectiveness. Unlike cellulose, fiberglass creates tiny air pockets that do not effectively block airflow or handle temperature differentials between the interior and exterior. While fiberglass batting is widely used, it is also available in a blown-in format that requires careful installation to maintain its insulating properties.
Sustainable Materials
Eco-conscious options like cellulose, natural wool, cotton, aerogel, cork, and castor oil-derived spray foam exemplify sustainable insulation materials. These choices are not only environmentally friendly due to their biodegradable properties or minimal ecological impact, but they also vary in cost, providing alternatives for different budget levels.
Notably, aerogel, a product of NASA innovation, is exceptionally light due to its composition, which is 90% air, yet highly effective as an insulator. In contrast, sheep’s wool represents the most energy-efficient option in terms of production among these materials. All these sustainable choices can be applied with the same blower system described earlier, offering a practical solution for environmentally responsible home insulation.
Mineral Wool
Mineral wool, derived from natural and recycled materials such as rock minerals, is not fully biodegradable due to its high level of processing. The production of mineral wool is energy-intensive and often involves the use of formaldehyde, which can be a concern for eco-conscious consumers. Despite these factors, it remains popular for its insulation capabilities.
Although heavier than other types of insulation, mineral wool provides superior benefits. Its density contributes to excellent thermal insulation, robust soundproofing qualities, and enhanced fire resistance, making it a preferred choice in scenarios where safety and efficiency are paramount.
Benefits
Blow-in insulation significantly enhances attic insulation quickly and efficiently. Within just an hour or two, an installer can use a single hose to distribute a thick layer of loose insulation across your attic floor, accessed through the attic hatch. This method drastically speeds up the process compared to traditional methods.
Transporting blow-in insulation is far simpler than handling bulky batts or rolls. Instead of wrestling with large, awkward materials, installers can easily feed a tube into tight spaces, like attics, connected to a hopper on a lower level that contains the insulation material. This makes it particularly advantageous for challenging installations.
Installing blow-in insulation in wall cavities is straightforward and effective. It is uniquely capable of filling in tight cavities or holes, ensuring that every nook and cranny is covered, which is essential for boosting the R-value of stud cavities without the need to strip wall surfaces to fit faced fiberglass batts.
Many blow-in insulation materials are eco-friendly, appealing to environmentally conscious homeowners. Cellulose, for instance, is highly favored for being made entirely from recycled paper and wood products, involving minimal synthetic processing or chemicals. Other sustainable options include sheep’s wool, cotton and denim, and spray foam derived from castor oil (icynene), all contributing to a greener building approach.
Disadvantages
Blown-in insulation is effective for home insulation, but it has vulnerabilities, particularly with moisture and heat. When blown-in attic cellulose becomes wet, such as from a roof leak or ice dam, it absorbs moisture and dries slowly, if at all. This can compromise its insulating properties and potentially lead to structural issues in the home.
Cellulose insulation is prone to water damage and may also support mold growth under certain conditions. Despite being treated with mold-inhibiting additives, it is not completely mold-proof. If mold develops, removing the affected insulation is a labor-intensive process, involving scooping out the wet material and disposing of it in contractor bags.
While cellulose blown-in insulation has fire-resistant properties, it is not entirely fireproof and can smolder if exposed to high heat. This poses a risk in areas like attics, particularly near heat sources such as recessed lighting canisters. It’s crucial to consult with recessed light fixture manufacturers for guidelines on mitigating heat exposure before installation.
The cost of using eco-friendly insulation materials, like cellulose, can be higher than less sustainable options. While these materials are better for the environment, their initial investment is often greater, which might be a consideration for homeowners balancing cost with environmental impact.
Blow-in Insulation Procedures and Comparison
Procedure for Attics
Blow-in insulation installation in attics typically requires a two-person crew to ensure efficiency and coverage. One worker navigates the attic space with the blower hose, adeptly distributing the fluffed-up insulation across the floor and into cavities. This method allows the insulation to settle seamlessly around pipes, ducts, and other structural elements, ensuring no area is left uncovered.
The second member of the installation team operates the blower machine, either from inside the home or outdoors. This worker is responsible for continuously feeding cellulose bags or bales into the hopper and adjusting the air flow to ensure the insulation material moves smoothly through the hoses without clogging. Their role is crucial in maintaining the pace and quality of the insulation process.
Working in tandem, the installation crew effectively applies a layer of insulation to meet specific insulation standards. If fiberglass insulation is already present, the blow-in material is typically layered directly over it, enhancing the overall R-value without the need to remove existing materials. This process not only increases energy efficiency but also adds to the home’s thermal stability, contributing to long-term energy savings and comfort.
Procedure for Walls
Blow-in insulation is the preferred method for insulating existing, closed-up walls without the need for extensive demolition. If you’re not looking to remove exterior siding or interior drywall to access wall cavities, blow-in insulation offers a less intrusive alternative. It’s particularly useful during major remodeling projects where the walls are open, although fiberglass batts might be suitable under those circumstances.
Technicians prepare for insulation by drilling two holes in each wall cavity. Typically, one hole is placed about 12 inches from the ceiling and another about 3 feet from the floor. These holes are usually drilled on the exterior face of the walls but can also be made from inside the home through drywall or plaster. This setup minimizes the disruption to the home’s interior.
Using an insulation blower, technicians inject cellulose or other types of loose-fill insulation into the wall cavities. After the insulation is in place, the drilled holes are sealed with plastic plugs that can be painted to match the exterior walls. However, these plugs can be challenging to conceal completely, especially on textured surfaces like stucco or brick.
For walls in older homes, particularly those with narrower 2 by 4 exterior walls, two-component expanding closed-cell foam insulation may be more effective. Similar to cellulose, holes are drilled for installation. This type of foam acts as a vapor barrier and offers an impressive R-value of up to 7 per inch, while also avoiding the issue of settling seen with cellulose or fiberglass.
Despite its benefits, blow-in insulation can face challenges in older homes with wall cavities that may contain obstructions like electrical conduits, fire blocks, or plaster “keys.” Experienced technicians will employ various techniques to navigate these barriers effectively.
Comparison with Fiberglass Insulation
Blow-in insulation is competitively priced and offers R-values similar to fiberglass batts or blankets. While cost-effective, the actual installation of blow-in insulation can be complex for DIY projects, especially when filling wall cavities. Attic insulation is more feasible as a DIY endeavor with the help of rented or borrowed equipment, though it remains a challenging task. In contrast, installing fiberglass batts or rolls is more straightforward and manageable for DIY enthusiasts despite being labor-intensive.
The cost of materials for both types of insulation is roughly equivalent when comparing R-values. For blow-in cellulose, each 19-pound bag costs around $30 and covers approximately 40 square feet at the minimal R-value. For a small 1,000-square-foot house, material costs for insulating either the attic floor or the walls are likely to range from $600 to $1200.
Professional installation rates vary, but homeowners should expect to pay between $40 and $70 per hour. Completing an attic installation, including the necessary setup and breakdown, generally takes about four to five hours.
Regarding insulation performance, blow-in cellulose provides an R-value of approximately 3.2 to 3.8 per inch. This is comparable to the R-value offered by fiberglass batts, which average about 3.7 per inch. Both materials are effective for thermal resistance, but the choice may depend on specific project requirements and personal preference for installation ease.
Fiberglass Insulation Batt
Installation of fiberglass batts necessitates the removal of wall panels. This requirement can complicate the installation process but provides an opportunity for thorough inspection and potential repair of interior wall structures.
Fiberglass is more user-friendly for DIY installations compared to blown-in options. The straightforward nature of handling and fitting batts makes them ideal for those who prefer to undertake home improvement projects themselves.
In terms of cost, fiberglass is generally less expensive than blown-in cellulose. This cost-effectiveness makes fiberglass an attractive option for budget-conscious homeowners looking to improve home insulation.
Fiberglass also offers superior resistance to water and mold compared to many blown-in materials. This makes it particularly suitable for areas prone to moisture, providing long-term durability and reducing the risk of mold-related issues.
Blown-In Insulation Material
Blown-in insulation, while often requiring professional installation, represents a sound investment in enhanced home efficiency. This method involves specialized equipment and expertise, ensuring a high-quality application that justifies the initial cost.
Although the installation process of blown-in insulation can be messier than using rolls, the superior coverage and performance it delivers are well worth the effort. Cleanup is a straightforward affair, and the benefits of the insulation’s comprehensive reach significantly outweigh this minor inconvenience.
While the wall plugs used to fill installation holes might stand out initially, they can be easily painted or covered to blend seamlessly with your wall surfaces. This small step ensures a clean, consistent look throughout your home.
Blown-in insulation is especially valued for its fire resistance and its ability to deter insects and small critters, enhancing both the safety and the durability of your home. These protective qualities contribute significantly to maintaining a secure and comfortable living environment.
It’s important to select the right type of blown-in insulation, as some materials offer excellent water and mold resistance, boosting the resilience and longevity of the insulation under various environmental conditions. Choosing the correct material will ensure that your home remains insulated, dry, and mold-free for years to come.
Conclusion
Blown-in insulation is an efficient method of insulating homes using loose-fill materials like cellulose, fiberglass, or natural wool. It is blown into attics and wall cavities with a specialized machine, providing superior coverage compared to traditional batts, filling gaps and hard-to-reach spaces for better thermal resistance. This type of insulation is particularly beneficial for existing homes, offering a quick and minimally disruptive installation process, with eco-friendly options like cellulose made from recycled paper being increasingly popular.
The benefits of blown-in insulation include improved energy efficiency, increased comfort, and a reduced environmental footprint, especially with sustainable materials. However, it can be sensitive to moisture, and certain materials, like cellulose, may settle over time or absorb water, potentially affecting performance. While the installation process can be more complex and require professional help, it delivers excellent long-term thermal resistance, making it a smart choice for enhancing home insulation. Contact URBN for your blown-in insulation and HVAC needs!
FAQs
How long does blown-in insulation last?
Blown-in insulation can last several decades if maintained properly, but settling or moisture may reduce its effectiveness.
Can I install blown-in insulation myself?
DIY installation is possible for attics, but wall cavity work is best handled by professionals for better results.
Is blown-in insulation safe for the environment?
Yes, many blown-in materials like cellulose and wool are eco-friendly, with cellulose made from recycled materials.
Does blown-in insulation help with soundproofing?
Blown-in insulation, especially cellulose and mineral wool, helps reduce noise and provides acoustic benefits in addition to thermal insulation.
How do I know if my blown-in insulation needs to be replaced?
Look for signs like settling, moisture damage, mold, or reduced energy efficiency. A professional can confirm the need for replacement.
Users Also Say
ja****04
“My blow in insulation dropped my bill by over half so far this winter”
Hi******rd
“If you ask us this question without context, I recommend cellulose, and she recommends fiberglass. Either one is a fine choice. Here are a couple of things to consider: Fiberglass tends to last longer (20ish years instead of 15), unless critters get into it. Cellulose has a slightly better R value per inch; R38 is 11 inches of cellulose, but 13 inches of fiberglass. Fiberglass is not as dusty as cellulose, although the dust settles out in 3 or 4 days after installation. Rodents LOVE fiberglass, but they don’t like cellulose. If you’ve had rodent issues in the past, or you live in an area where mice or rats are common, definitely consider cellulose. If you’re topping off your existing insulation rather than installing all new, it’s generally better to add more of what you already have.”
Re******gg
“You are forgetting the most important aspect, blown cellulose is significantly cheaper than fiberglass”